三峡水库秀丽白虾生长与繁殖生物学特征研究
THE GROWTH AND THE REPRODUCTIVE BIOLOGY OF EXOPALAEMON MODESTUS (HELLER, 1862) (CRUSTACEA, DECAPODA, PALAEMONIDAE) IN THE THREE GORGES RESERVOIR OF CHINA
-
摘要: 2012 年11 月至2013 年10 月逐月对三峡水库木洞江段秀丽白虾的生长和繁殖生物学特征进行了研究。结果显示秀丽白虾是一年生的虾类, 寿命为1214 个月。雌性个体的平均体长(37.727.92) mm 显著大于雄性(37.086.59) mm, 具有明显的雌雄异形现象。秀丽白虾的渐近体长(L)为59.33 mm, 生长系数(K)是1.6/年, 生长方程为:Lt=59.33[-e-1.6(t+0.081)]。雌虾繁殖季节从4 月上旬持续至9 月下旬, 繁殖高峰期为4 月中旬至6 月中旬, 由越冬虾和当年虾两个世代的繁殖群体组成。抱卵雌虾的体长为27.0753.71 mm, 平均体长(L50)为37.06 mm。雌雄性比月变化为1.112.36, 平均为1.46, 群体中雌性个体数量显著多于雄性(P 0.001)。绝对繁殖力(FA)为31294 粒, 相对繁殖力(FR)为(11522)粒/g。绝对繁殖力与体长呈幂函数关系(FA=0.0031L2.8632, r=0.72, n=106), 而与体重呈直线关系(FA=104.63W+9.9534, r=0.79, n=106)。卵径(D)平均值为(1215102) m。为合理保护和利用三峡水库秀丽白虾种群资源, 建议加强虾类捕捞管理, 繁殖期间(49 月)禁止捕捞虾类或限制捕捞强度。Abstract: We conducted monthly study on the growth and the reproductive biology of shrimp Exopalaemon modestus in the Three Gorges Reservoir from November 2012 to October 2013. The typical life span of the shrimp was 1214 months. E. modestus showed a clear sexual dimorphism in the body length, and the females were significantly larger in size than the males. The Von Bertalanffy growth function was estimated to be Lt=59.33[-e-1.6(t+0.081)] based on the frequency of the body length. The ovigerous females were monitored between early April and late October, and we found that the peak reproductive period was from mid April to mid June. The spawning populations included wintering and yearling individuals. The body lengths of the ovigerous females ranged from 27.07 to 53.71 mm, and the body length of 50% was estimated to be 37.06 mm. The overall sex ratio was 1.46:1 and females significantly outnumbered males. The absolute fecundity of E. Modestus ranged from 31 to 294 eggs [(12753) eggs, meanSD], and the relative fecundity was (11522) eggs/g (meanSD). The absolute fecundity was related to the body length (FA=0.0031L2.8632, r=0.72, n=106) and the body weight (FA=104.63W+9.9534, r=0.79, n=106). The average diameter of the eggs of E. Modestus was (1215102) m (meanSD, n=4171). In order to properly protect and utilize the freshwater shrimp resources, we recommended to apply more strict management policies on shrimp harvest, for example, to reduce or forbid captures during the spawning season (April to September).
-
Keywords:
- Three Gorges Reservoir /
- Exopalaemon modestus /
- Growth /
- Reproductive biology
-
-
[1] Holthuis L B. FAO Species Catalogue. Volume 1. Shrimps and Prawns of the World. An Annotated Catalogue of Species of Interest to Fisheries [M]. FAO Fisheries Synopsis, 1980, 1271
[2] Li X Z, Liu R Y, Liang X Q, et al. Fauna Sinica. Invertebrata Vol. 44. Crustacea. Decapoda. Palaemonoidea[M]. Beijing: Science Press. 2007, 6164, 128131 [李新正, 刘瑞玉, 梁象秋, 等. 中国动物志. 无脊椎动物. 第44 卷. 十足目. 长臂虾总科. 北京: 科学出版社. 2007, 6164, 128131]
[3] Tan Q K, Zhu Q S. Freshwater shrimps of Chaohu Lake and the surrounding waters [J]. Journal of Anhui Normal University (Natural Science), 1982, (3): 8085 [谈奇坤, 朱清顺. 巢湖及其周围水域的虾类. 安徽师范大学报 (自然科学版), 1982, (3): 8085]
[4] Tan Q K, Wen Y Q, Dong X Y, et al. The current situation and use of freshwater shrimps in Chaohu Lake [J]. Freshwater Fisheries, 1985, (3): 1013 [谈奇坤, 温耀群, 董秀英, 等. 巢湖虾类资源现状及其利用意见. 淡水渔业,1985, (3): 1013]
[5] Shi W G, Yan X M, Bing X W. Biology and feeding habit of Exopalaemon modestus (Heller) in Taihu Lake [J]. Journal of Lake Science, 1995, 7(1): 6976 [施炜纲, 严小梅, 邴旭文. 太湖秀丽白虾生物学与食性的研究. 湖泊科学, 1995, 7(1): 6976]
[6] Xu J, Zhang M, Xie P. Stable isotope changes in freshwater shrimps (Exopalaemon modestus and Macrobrachium nipponensis): trophic pattern implications [J]. Hydrobiologia, 2008, 605(1): 4554
[7] Oh C W, Suh H L, Park K Y, et al. Growth and reproductive biology of the freshwater shrimp Exopalaemon modestus (Decapoda: Palaemonidae) in a lake of Korea [J]. Journal of Crustacean Biology, 2002, 22(2): 357366
[8] Wen Z R, Xie P, Xun J. reproductive biology of Exopalaemon modestus in Taihu Lake [J]. Journal of Yangtze University (Natural Science Edition), 2012, 9(4): 2340 [温周瑞, 谢平, 徐军. 太湖秀丽白虾繁殖生物学研究. 长江大学学报(自然科学版), 2012, 9(4): 2340]
[9] Wen Z R, Xie P. Growth of Exopalaemon modestus in Taihu Lake [J]. Fisheries Science, 2013, 40(3): 139142 [温周瑞, 谢平. 太湖秀丽白虾生长研究. 水产科技情报, 2013, 40(3): 139142]
[10] Lai W, Deng X H, Chen B L, et al. Investigations on the characteristics of population and reproductive habit of fresh water prawn, Exopalaemon modestus Heller in Taihu Lake[J]. Journal of East China Normal University (Natural Science Edition), 1983, (3): 8187 [赖伟, 邓雪怀, 陈炳良, 等. 太湖秀丽白虾种群及生殖习性研究. 华东师范大学学报(自然科学版), 1983, (3): 8187]
[11] Zhang L. A stable carbon and nitrogen isotope study of fishes from the Three Gorges riverine section of the Yangtze River [D]. Thesis for Doctor of Science. Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan. 2007[张亮. 长江三峡江段鱼类碳、氮稳定性同位素研究. 博士学位论文, 中国科学院水生生物研究所, 武汉. 2007]
[12] Gayanilo F C, Sparre P, Pauly D. FAO-ICLARM Stock Assessment Tools II (FiSAT II). Revised version. User's guide [M]. FAO Computerized Information Series (Fisheries). No.8, Revised version. Rome, 2005, 1168
[13] Pauly D. Theory and Management of Tropical Multiespecies Stocks: A Review, with Emphasis on the Southeast Asian Demersal Fisheries [M]. Manila: International Centor for Living Aquatic Resources Management, 1979, 135
[14] Somerton D A. A computer technique for estimating the size of sexual maturity in crabs [J]. Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences, 1980, 37(10): 14881497
[15] Cohen F P A, Takano B F, Shimizu R M, et al. Life cycle and Population structure of Aegla paulensis (Decapoda: Anomura: Aeglidae) [J]. Journal of Crustacean Biology, 2011, 31(3): 389395
[16] Guerao G, Prez-Baquera J, Ribera C. Growth and Reproductive Biology of Palaemon xiphias Risso, 1816 (Decapoda: Caridea: Palaemonidae) [J]. Journal of Crustacean Biology, 1994, 14(2): 280288
[17] Ito M, Watanabe S, Murano M. Growth and reproduction of Palamemon pacificus and P. Serrifer [J]. Nippon Suisan Gakkaishi, 1991, 57(7): 12291239 [In Japanese with English summary]
[18] Forster G R. The biology of the common prawn, Leander serratus Pennant [J]. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the UK, 1951, 30(2): 333360
[19] Jefferies D J. The moulting behaviour of Palaemonetes varians (Leach) (Decapoda, Palaemonidae) [J]. Hydrobiologia, 1964, 24(3-4): 457488
[20] Kim S, Hong S. Reproductive biology of Palaemon gravieri (Decapoda: Caridea: Palaemonidae) [J]. Journal of Crustacean Biology, 2004, 24(1): 121130
[21] Bguer M, Berg J, Girardin M, et al. Reproductive biology of Palaemon longirostris (Decapoda: Palaemonidae) from Gironde Estuary (France), with a comparison with other european populations [J]. Journal of Crustacean Biology, 2010, 30(2): 175185
[22] Wear R G. Incubation in British decapod Crustacea, and the effects of temperature on the rate and success of embryonic development [J]. Journal of the Marine Biology Association of the UK, 1974, 54:745762
[23] Sun J Y, Zhang D Y, Duan Z H, et al. The population reproduction of freshwater shrimp (Macrobrachium nipponense) [J]. Journal of Lake Science, 1998, 10(2): 7277 [孙建贻, 张道源, 段中华, 等. 洪湖日本沼虾的种群繁殖生物学. 湖泊科学, 1998, 10(2): 7277]
[24] Berglund A. Sex dimorphism and skewed sex ratios in the prawn species Palaemon adspersus and P. squilla [J]. Oikos, 1981, 36: 158162
[25] Kim S. Population structure, growth, mortality and size at sexual maturity of Palaemon gravieri (Decapoda: Caridea: Palaemonidae) [J]. Journal of Crustacean Biology, 2005, 25(2): 226232
[26] Bguer M, Berg J, Girardin M, et al. Growth modeling and spatio-temporal variability in the body condition of the estuarine shrimp Palaemon longirostris in the gironde (Sw France) [J]. Journal of Crustacean Biology, 2011, 31(4): 606612
[27] Alexandra C. Growth of the prawn palaemon longirostris (Decapoda, Palaemonidae) in Mira River and Estuary, Sw Portugal [J]. Journal of Crustacean Biology, 2003, 23(2): 251257
[28] Paschoal L R P, Guimares F J, Couto E C G. Relative growth and sexual maturity of the freshwater shrimp Palaemon pandaliformis (Crustacea, Palaemonidae) in northeastern of Brazil (Canavieiras, Bahia) [J]. Iheringia. Srie Zoologia, 2013, 103(1): 3136
[29] Sabri B, Osman S, Ozcan O. Seasonal growth and reproduction biology of the Baltic prawn, Palaemon adspersus (Decapoda: Palaemonidae), in the southern Black Sea [J]. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the UK, 2009, 89(3): 509519
[30] Wang K, Duan X B, Liu S P, et al. Survey on temporal and spatial distribution of fish in the Daning River [J]. Acta Hydrobiologica Sinica, 2009, 33(3): 516527 [王珂, 段辛斌, 刘绍平, 等. 三峡库区大宁河鱼类的时空分布特征. 水生生物学报, 2009, 33(3): 516527]
[31] Wu Q, Duan X B, Xu S Y, et al. Studies on fishes resources in the Three Gorges Reservoir of the Yangtze River [J]. Freshwater Fisheries, 2007, 37(2): 7075 [吴强, 段辛斌, 徐树英, 等. 长江三峡库区蓄水后鱼类资源现状. 淡水渔业, 2007, 37(2): 7075]
[32] Xiao T Y, Zhang H Y, Wang X Q, et al. Biological characteristics of Pelteobagrus fulvidraco in Dongting Lake[J]. Chinese Journal Zoology, 2003, 38(5): 8388 [肖调义, 章怀云, 王晓清, 等. 洞庭湖黄颡鱼生物学特征. 动物学杂志, 2003, 38(5): 8388]
[33] Li W, Zhang T L, Ye S W, et al. Feeding habits and predator-prey size relationships of mandarin fish Siniperca chuatsi (Basilewsky) in a shallow lake, central China [J]. Journal of Applied Ichthyology, 2012, 29: 5663
-
期刊类型引用(9)
1. 王小林，刘修泽，吉光，王爱勇，董婧，王彬，胥延钊，张怡晶. 鸭绿江口脊尾白虾生长和繁殖特征及异质性分析. 水产科学. 2025(01): 129-135 . 
百度学术
2. 张宁，应聪萍，刘思磊，王银平，罗俊义，刘凯. 淮河安徽段秀丽白虾肠道菌群时空变化特征. 生态学杂志. 2023(06): 1426-1433 . 百度学术
3. 宁晓雨，张磊，陈坤全，韩财安，李启升，李宽意，何虎，赵璧影. 秀丽白虾（Exopalaemon modestus）对亚热带湖库春夏季水体营养水平和浮游生物群落的影响——基于微宇宙模拟实验. 湖泊科学. 2022(02): 582-589 . 百度学术
4. 胡润豪，史文军，王盼，万夕和，沈辉，黎慧，王李宝，杨泽禹，吴旭干. 长臂虾科几种重要经济虾类的繁殖生物学研究进展. 海洋渔业. 2021(04): 485-502 . 百度学术
5. 张敏莹，徐东坡，周彦锋，方弟安，刘凯，潘泽钰. 秀丽白虾线粒体16S rRNA基因序列及长臂虾亚科系统进化初步分析. 中国农学通报. 2020(17): 157-164 . 百度学术
6. 王淼，周轩，洪波，徐开达，张亚洲. 杭州湾北部安氏白虾体长与体重关系的季节变化特征. 中国水产科学. 2020(11): 1325-1332 . 百度学术
7. 王淼，周轩，徐开达. 杭州湾北部安氏白虾的繁殖生物学特征. 动物学杂志. 2019(04): 509-516 . 百度学术
8. 郑小壮，陈清华，陈文坚，郭照良. 基于线粒体COⅠ基因序列的掌肢新米虾7个自然群体遗传多样性分析. 湖南农业大学学报(自然科学版). 2019(05): 522-528 . 百度学术
9. 张敏莹，徐东坡，方弟安，周彦锋，刘凯. 秀丽白虾3个地理种群mtDNA 16S rRNA基因序列变异及遗传分化. 大连海洋大学学报. 2018(03): 323-328 . 百度学术
其他类型引用(4)
计量
- 文章访问数: 1864
- HTML全文浏览量: 13
- PDF下载量: 482
- 被引次数: 13
下载: