Abstract: To explore the expression characteristics of Adiponectin receptor and its response to changes of energy state in Siberian sturgeon, the full-length cDNA of AdipoR1 and AdipoR2 were cloned. The total length of AdipoR1 cDNA of Siberian sturgeon was 2013 bp containing an open reading frame of 1146 bp, and the total length of AdipoR2 cDNA was 1590 bp containing an open reading frame of 1086 bp. The results of multiple sequence alignment showed that the amino acids of AdipoR1 were highly consistent with those of mammals, birds, amphibians and fish, while the amino acids of AdipoR2 were highly consistent with those of fish. The phylogenetic tree analysis showed that the Siberian sturgeon AdipoR1 was clustered into the branch with other bony fishes, and Siberian sturgeon AdipoR2 was clustered into the branch with Lepisosteus oculatus. The results of qRT-PCR showed that AdipoR1 and AdipoR2 were widely expresed. AdipoR1 was highly expressed in the midbrain, medulla oblongata, forebrain, cerebellum and hypothalamus of Siberian sturgeon, and AdipoR2 was abundant in the midbrain, gill, valve intestine, gonad and medulla oblongata. Similar to other bony fish, AdipoR1 and AdipoR2 were lowly expressed in muscle of Siberian sturgeon. 10 days fasting significantly induced the expression of AdipoR1 and AdipoR2 mRNA level in muscle of juvenile Siberian sturgeon, and re-feeding significantly decreased the expression of AdipoR1. These results suggest that AdipoR1 and AdipoR2 might be involved in maintaining energy homeostasis in Siberian sturgeon, providing a theoretical basis for further research on the role of AdipoR1 and AdipoR2 in muscle.