缢蛏养殖池塘氨氧化微生物的季节变化特征

SEASONAL VARIATION OF AMMONIA-OXIDIZING MICROORGANISMS IN SINONOVACULA CONSTRICTA POND

  • 摘要: 为探究缢蛏(Sinonovacula constricta)养殖池塘中氨氧化细菌(AOB)和氨氧化古菌(AOA)的季节变化及其环境因子相关性, 试验以amoA基因为分子标记, 利用荧光定量PCR技术对养殖池塘水体及沉积物中的AOA和AOB进行了研究。结果显示, 季节变化对于水体及沉积物中的AOA和AOB的amoA基因丰度有一定的影响, 不同季节的水体及沉积物中AOA含量均比AOB含量高一个数量级。其中水体中AOB在秋季显著高于其余三季(P<0.05); AOA在冬季最低, 且显著低于春秋两季(P<0.05)。沉积物中AOB和AOA均在冬季显著高于其余三季(P<0.05)。环境因子相关性分析结果表明: 水体中AOB丰度与氨氮成显著正相关(P<0.05), 与亚硝氮成显著负相关(P<0.05); AOA丰度与水温成正显著相关(P<0.05), 与硝氮成负显著相关(P<0.05)。沉积物中AOB丰度与溶解氧、硝氮、总氮及亚硝氮成显著正相关(P<0.05), 与水温成显著负相关(P<0.05); AOA丰度与溶解氧、总氮、硝氮成显著性正相关(P<0.05), 与水温成负显著相关(P<0.05)。多元线性回归方程结果显示, 缢蛏养殖池塘的AOA及AOB丰度与硝氮密切相关。研究表明, AOA在缢蛏养殖池塘氨氧化进程中占据主导地位, AOA和AOB丰度受盐度、温度、氮素浓度及溶解氧等环境因子的共同影响。

     

    Abstract: To investigate the seasonal changes of AOB and AOA and its relation with environmental factors in Sinonovacula constricta pond, AOA and AOB abundance in water and sediments were studied by fluorescence quantitative PCR with the functional gene amoA as a molecular marker. The results showed that the abundance of AOA in each season was one order of magnitude higher than that of AOB, and seasonal variation had certain effects on the abundance of AOA and AOB amoA genes in the water environment and sediments. In the water environment, AOB was significantly higher in autumn than the other three seasons (P<0.05), AOA in winter was the lowest and it was significantly lower in spring and autumn (P<0.05). In the sediment, AOB and AOA were significantly higher in winter than those in the other three seasons (P<0.05). Correlation analysis of environmental factors showed that AOB content in water was positively correlated with \rmNH_4^ + (P<0.05), but negatively correlated with \rmNO_2^ - (P<0.05). The abundance of AOA in water was positively correlated with water temperature (P<0.05), but negatively correlated with \rmNO_3^ - (P<0.05). In the sediment, the abundance of AOB was positively correlated with DO, \rmNO_3^ - , TN and \rmNO_2^ - (P<0.05), and negatively correlated with water temperature (P<0.05). The abundance of AOA was positively correlated with DO, TN and \rmNO_3^ - (P<0.05), and negatively correlated with water temperature (P<0.05). The results of multiple linear regression equation showed that the abundance of AOA and AOB in Sinonovacula constricta pond was significantly affected by \rmNO_3^ - . The results showed that AOA dominated the ammonia-oxidation process in the pond of Sinonovacula constricta, and the abundance of AOA and AOB was affected by salinity, temperature, nitrogen concentration, dissolved oxygen and other environmental factors.

     

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