Abstract: The categories, secretion mechanisms and influencing factors of root exudates were reviewed. Allelopathy between different plant species, synergy between plant and rhizosphere microorganisms and the effect of plant-microorganism interaction on soil material cycle were described based on the interaction among plants, soil and microbes. Aquatic plants have a significant impact on sediment remediation and water ecological restoration due to their distinctive habitat and the irreplaceable functions. Due to the severe water ecological problems, a full understanding of the rhizosphere process mediated by aquatic plant root exudates provided a basis for the development of aquatic plant ecology and water ecological restoration, which promote the development potential of disciplinary application.