甘草在水产养殖中的应用

APPLICATION OF LICORICE IN AQUACULTURE

摘要: 甘草(Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fiseh)因其具有调和诸药的特性, 被誉为“百草之王”, 是我国常见廉价药材, 被应用于水产养殖。其有效成分主要是多糖、甙类、生物碱、有机酸和挥发油等。在水产养殖中, 常见的甘草给药方法包括投喂、灌服、注射、浸泡以及泼洒等, 用于水产动物的免疫调理、病害防治以及其他用途。然而, 甘草在使用过程中也存在着一些问题, 比如药材质量不稳定、使用方法较为粗放、规范化药方较少、命名和描述不够准确等。本文对甘草的渔用价值进行了综述。

Abstract: Licorice (Glycyrrhiza cyrrhiza uralensis Fiseh) is known as the “king of all herbs” because of its characteristics of harmonizing various medicines. It is a common cheap medicine in China and is therefore used in aquaculture. It’s main active components are polysaccharides, glycosides, alkaloids, organic acids and volatile oil. In aquaculture, the common methods of licorice administration include feeding, perfusing, injecting, soaking and sprinkling, by which way are used for immune conditioning, disease control and other purposes for aquatic animals. However, there are also some problems in use of licorice, such as unstable quality of medicinal materials, extensive use methods, less standardized prescriptions, and inaccurate naming and description. In this paper, the fishery value of licorice was reviewed.