Abstract: Exposure to water samples collected from a river located in a pharmaceutical industry park in Eastern China resulted in some extent of death for zebrafish. A target screening method involving 248 compounds was employed to reveal the main poisonous chemical factors in these water samples. Twenty four compounds were identified including 17 pharmaceuticals such as mirtazapine and desloratadine. However, no positive relationship was observed between the residual levels of these compounds and death rates of zebrafish. The results suggest that the compounds identified in the water samples were not the main poisonous contributors for the aquatic health risk in the river.