Abstract: The epidemiological investigation, symptom observation, pathogenic detection, and the pathology detection were used to examine the cause of the disease of Sciaenop socellatus of cultured pond in Zhuhai, Guangdong Province from June to October. These results showed that the disease had obvious infectious. The anatomy examination revealed the anemia of the gill filament, swollen spleen and kidney with hemorrhagic spots, and no observed large number of parasites by microscopy. Meanwhile, no pathogenic bacteria were isolated from the liver, spleen, kidney and intestine of the diseased fish. A large number of swelling cells were observed in pathological sections of liver, spleen and kidney of diseased fish. The 570 bp fragment was amplified by PCR using the specific primers of OIE. MCP sequence alignment showed that the amplification of the gene sequence had 99.2% of homology with gene sequence of RSIV. The comprehensive results showed that the cause of the disease of the Sciaenop socellatus is infected by the iridovirus of Megalocytivirus genus.