铜藻苗种繁育研究

STUDY ON SEED BREEDING OF SARGASSUM HORNERI

  • 摘要: 2011—2013年, 以浙江省南麂岛马祖岙的野生铜藻作为亲本, 详细观察了铜藻繁殖特性、胚胎发育和幼孢子体的早期发育过程, 开展了铜藻幼孢子体早期发育条件(温度、盐度、光照强度、光照周期等)的优化研究。结果发现, 南麂岛铜藻的自然繁殖盛期为每年3月下旬至5月上旬, 室内海水温度为13—18℃, 较适宜于雌雄生殖托的形成。在试验条件下, 铜藻受精卵发育的适宜温度为10—20℃, 盐度是20—30, 在该培育条件下, 经过48h的孵化, 受精卵可以大批量同步化发育成具有假根的幼孢子体。人工育苗结果表明, 适宜的环境因子(温度20℃, 盐度20—30, 光照强度4500 lx, 光照时间12—18h/d)较利于幼孢子体的生长发育。铜藻幼孢子体的前期培育连续流水和充气为宜, 经18—20d的室内培育, 幼孢子体可发育成具有2—3叶片的幼苗。质地坚硬、表面粗糙的水泥砖较适合铜藻幼孢子体的附着和生长, 可满足后期藻场修复的要求。

     

    Abstract: The current study explored features of maturated parental materials, embryonic development and young sporophyte germlings, and investigated effects of environmental factors, such as water temperature, salinity, light intensity and photoperiod, on the early development of young sporophyte germlings of Sargassum horneri collected from Mazu Ao, Nanji Island, Zhejiang Province, from 2011 to 2013. The results showed that the peak period for natural reproduction of Sargassum horneri was from late May to early March in each year in the coastal area of southern Zhejiang with water temperature under 13—18℃. The suitable temperature for the development of the zygotes was 10—20℃, and suitable salinity was 20—30, in which fertilized zygotes synchronously developed into young sporophyte germlings with strong rhizoids after about 48h incubations. In addition, the proper environmental factors for the growth and development of young sporophytes with rhizoid are under the temperature of 20℃, salinity of 20—30 ppt, light intensity of 4500lx, and photoperiod of 12—18h/d. In the early stage, the flowing water and air inflation were beneficial to indoor cultivations of the young sporophytes that developed to seedlings with 2—3 leaves after 18—20 days of cultivation. Hard cement bricks with rough surface were suitable for attachment and growth of young sporophytes inSargassum horneri.

     

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