饲料中添加壳聚糖季铵盐对凡纳滨对虾生长及非特异免疫的影响
EFFECTS OF ADDING CHITOSAN QUATERNARY AMMONIUM SALT IN DIETS ON THE GROWTH PERFORMANCE AND NONSPECIFIC IMMUNITY OF LITOPENAEUS VANNAMEI
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摘要: 实验研究壳聚糖季铵盐对凡纳滨对虾生长性能及非特异性免疫能力的影响。在饲料中分别添加0、0.05%、0.10%、0.15%和0.20%的壳聚糖季铵盐, 制成5组等氮等能饲料。将900尾[初体质量(3.820.34) g]健康的凡纳滨对虾随机分成5组(45尾4平行), 养殖时间56d。结果表明:饲料中添加壳聚糖季铵盐显著影响凡纳滨对虾的生长, 0.15%实验组凡纳滨对虾的增重率和特定生长率最佳(P0.05)。饲料中添加壳聚糖季铵盐0.1%、0.15%和0.20%能显著提高凡纳滨对虾血清溶菌酶和碱性磷酸酶及酚氧化酶的活性(P0.05)。饲料中添加壳聚糖季铵盐可显著提高凡纳滨对虾抗副溶血弧菌感染的能力(P0.05), 0.15%组的保护效果最好, 其相对免疫保护率为33.24%。壳聚糖季铵盐能显著提高凡纳滨对虾的生长性能和抗病能力, 本实验条件下适宜的添加量为0.15%。Abstract: The current study investigated growth performance, nonspecific immunity of white shrimp (Litopenaeusvannamei) by supplementation of chitosan quaternary ammonium salt in diets with graded levels of 0.0% (control group), 0.05%, 0.10%, 0.15% and 0.20% chitosan quaternary ammonium salt. Each diet was randomly fed to four cages of white shrimp with initial average weight (3.820.34) g in 20 cages (2.5 m1.5 m1 m) for 8 weeks. The result showed that the chitosan quaternary ammonium salt addition significantly improved growth performance with the best effect of weight gain and SGR in 0.15% group. The activity of lysozyme, alkaline phosphatase and phenol oxidase were significantly increased in the 0.1%, 0.15% and 0.20% trial groups (P0.05). Chitosan quaternary ammonium salt effectively improved the ability of shrimp to resist the vibrio parahaemolytics's infection (P0.05) with the best performance in 0.15% trial group that is 33.24%. These data indicate that chitosan quaternary ammonium salt can significantly improve the growth performance and the ability resisting infection, and the optimum amount under current experimental condition is 0.15%.
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