饲料中添加溶菌酶对吉富罗非鱼生长、免疫-抗氧化功能及血清抗菌性能的影响

EFFECTS OF DIETARY LYSOZYME SUPPLEMENTATION ON GROWTH PERFORMANCE, IMMUNE-ANTIOXIDANT CAPACITY AND SERUM ANTIBACTERIAL PROPERTIES OF GIFT TILAPIA (OREOCHROMIS NILOTICUS)

  • 摘要: 为研究在饲料中添加不同水平的溶菌酶制品对吉富罗非鱼(GIFT, Oreochromis niloticus)生长性能、免疫-抗氧化功能和血清抗菌性能的影响, 选用平均体重为(11.350.08)g的吉富罗非鱼960尾, 随机分为6组(每组4个重复, 每个重复40尾), 分别投喂基础饲料(对照组)和5种添加水平分别为18、36、54、72和90 mg/kg溶菌酶制品的试验饲料, 养殖周期为60d。结果表明: (1) 54 mg/kg溶菌酶添加组鱼的生长性能和饲料利用情况最优, 增重率和蛋白质效率均显著高于对照组, 饲料系数显著低于对照组(P0.05); 肝体比随溶菌酶添加水平的增加呈现下降趋势, 90 mg/kg添加组显著低于对照组(P0.05); 脾脏指数在36和54mg/kg添加组显著低于对照组(P0.05); 全鱼粗蛋白和粗灰分含量在54 mg/kg添加组均呈现较高水平, 显著高于对照组(P0.05)。(2)溶菌酶添加水平对罗非鱼的免疫-抗氧化能力产生影响, 54和72 mg/kg添加水平能显著提高鱼体血清和肝脏的超氧化物歧化酶、过氧化氢酶活性, 降低丙二醛含量(P0.05); 肝脏溶菌酶活性在54和72 mg/kg添加组均显著高于对照组(P0.05), 而血清溶菌酶活性随溶菌酶添加水平的增加呈现下降趋势(L90组除外), 显著低于对照组(P0.05)。(3)血清抗菌试验显示, 54和72 mg/kg溶菌酶添加组罗非鱼对大肠杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、嗜水气单胞菌和溶藻弧菌的抑制能力显著高于对照组(P0.05), 而对枯草芽孢杆菌的抵抗能力最低, 比对照组分别低34.71%和42.21% (P0.05)。结果表明, 在本试验条件下, 在吉富罗非鱼饲料中添加54 mg/kg溶菌酶制品可以改善其生长性能; 当添加水平为54和72 mg/kg时, 罗非鱼的免疫-抗氧化能力和血清抗菌性能均得到了显著提高。

     

    Abstract: To investigate effects of dietary lysozyme supplementation on growth performance, immune-antioxidant capacity and antibacterial properties of GIFT tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus), basal diet or basal diet added with 18, 36, 54, 72 or 90 mg/kg lysozyme were formulated for a 60 days experiment. The results showed that the 54 mg/kg lysozyme addition group had the best growth and feed efficiency in which weight gain rate and protein efficiency ratio increased and feed conversion ratio decreased significantly compared with the control group (P0.05). lysozyme supplementation decreased hepatosomatic index with significant difference in 90 mg/kg group compared with the control group (P0.05). Spleen-somatic index was significantly lower in 36 mg/kg and 54 mg/kg groups compared with that of the control group (P0.05). Crude protein and ash content in whole body in 54 mg/kg group were significantly higher than that of the control group (P0.05). Lysozyme supplementation in 54 and 72 mg/kg group increased serum and liver superoxide dismutase and catalase activity but significantly decreased malondialdehyde content compared with the control group (P0.05). Liver lysozyme activity in 54 and 72 mg/kg group was significantly higher than that of the control group, while serum lysozyme activity in groups except L90 group was significantly lower than that of the control group (P0.05). Serum antibacterial test showed more resistance to Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Aeromonas hydrophila, Vibrio alginolyticus in 54 and 72 mg/kg group compared with the control group but more sensitive to Bacillus subtilis with a 34.71% and 42.21% reduction, respectively. These results indicated that diet lysozyme supplementation (such as 54 mg/kg) can improve GIFT tilapia growth performance by regulating immune-antioxidant capacity of tilapia and improving serum antibacterial properties.

     

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