鸭绿江唇(鱼骨)仔、稚鱼形态发育与早期生长

MORPHOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENT AND EARLY GROWTH ON LARVAE AND JUVENILES OF HEMIBARBUS LABEO IN YAL RIVER

  • 摘要: 通过观察、拍照和测量的方法对鸭绿江唇(鱼骨)(Hemibarbus labeo)仔、稚鱼的形态发育和早期生长进行了研究。结果表明:在19.625.8℃的试验条件下,唇 初孵化仔鱼全长为(7.920.29)mm,2日龄头部两侧出现感觉芽;3日龄鳔一室原基形成,5日龄红色的脾出现,且仔鱼开口;7日龄卵黄囊吸收完毕,9日龄脊索末端开始向上弯曲;10日龄鳔二室形成,14日龄脊索弯曲完成,尾鳍边缘开始内凹;32日龄鳞片开始出现在鳃盖后缘的体表,同时各鳍发育完全,个体发育进入稚鱼期,43日龄全身被鳞,个体发育进入幼鱼期。根据卵黄囊、脊索和鳞片的变化,唇 胚后发育可细分为卵黄囊期(06日龄)、弯曲前期(79日龄)、弯曲期(1014日龄)、弯曲后期(1532日龄)和稚鱼期(3343日龄)。试验期间,全长和体质量的特定生长率分别为3.32%和12.16%;卵黄囊体积(V)与日龄(d)的关系为V=0.0048d3-0.0309d2-0.1240d+0.8453(R2=0.8933);全长(LT)、体质量(W)与日龄均为指数函数关系,相关方程分别为: LT=8.3821e0.0329d (R2=0.9586),W= 0.0048e0.0969d(R2=0.9463);头长(LH)、体高(HB)的生长方程分别为:LH = -6E-05d3 + 0.002d2 + 0.1733d + 0.7862(R2=0.9577),HB= -5E-05d3 + 0.0039d2 + 0.017d + 0.9389(R2 = 0.9621)。

     

    Abstract: We studied the morphological development and early growth of larval and juvenile Hemibarbus labeo in Yal River from hatching till 43 days. The newly hatched larvae were (7.920.29) mm under the temperature of 19.625.8℃. Sensor buds were differentiated on both sides of the head 2 days after hatching (DAH) and posterior swim bladder anlage appeared on Day 3 after hatching (AH). Initial feeding appeared on Day 5 AH along with the appearance of spleen and the complete absorption of yolk sphere on Day 7 AH. The caudal tip of the notochord started to curve upward on Day 9 AH, followed by the anterior swim bladder appearance on Day 10 AH. For 14-day-old larva, the caudal folk formed and the notochord stopped curving upward. Scales were found to be appeared at the back of the operculum and all fins were well-developed on Day 32 AH that the larvae reached the juvenile stage. The entire body was covered by the scales on Day 43 AH while the fry reached the young stage. Based on morphological changes in yolk sphere, notochord, and scale, the post-embryonic development of H. labeo can be classified into 5 stages: the yolk-sac stage (06 DAH), the preflexion stage (79 DAH), the fexion stage (1014 DAH), the post flexion stage (1532 DAH), and the juvenile stage (3343 DAH). From hatching till Day 43 AH, the special growth rate of total length and body weight was 3.32% and 12.16%, respectively. The absorption of yolk sphere can be calculated through the equation: V=0.0048d3-0.0309d2-0.1240d+0.8453 (R2=0.8933); where V =yolk-sac volume in mm3 and d = age in days. The appropriate equations for growth in the total length (LT) and body weight (W) of larval and juvenile H. labeo were as follows: LT=8.3821e0.0329d (R2=0.9586), and W=0.0048e0.0969d (R2=0.9463). In addition, the head length (LH) and body height (HB) can be calculated by the following equations: LH = -6E-05d3+0.002d2+0.1733d+0.7862 (R2=0.9577) and HB= -5E-05d3 + 0.0039d2 + 0.017d + 0.9389 (R2= 0.9621), respectively.

     

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