长江朱杨江段和沱江富顺江段鱼类体内16种多环芳烃的含量

Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Fish from the Zhuyang Section of the Yangtze River and the Fushun Section of the Tuo River, China

    摘要
  • 摘要: 于2010年9-11月在长江朱杨江段采集到9种鱼类标本, 分别为瓦氏黄颡鱼(Pelteobagrus vachelli Richardson)、圆筒吻 (Rhinogobio cylindricus Gnther)、鲤(Cyprinus carpio Linnaeus)、鲫(Carassius auratus Linnaeus)、大眼鳜(Siniperca kneri Garman)、铜鱼(Coreius heterodon Bleeker)、圆口铜鱼(Coreius guichenoti Sauvage et Dabry)、大鳍鳠(Mystus macropterus Bleeker)和鲇(Silurus asotus Linnaeus); 在该江段上游支流沱江富顺江段采集到6种鱼类标本, 分别为鲫、黄颡鱼(Pelteobagrus fulvidraco Richardson)、鲤、大眼鳜、大鳍鳠和鲇, 每种鱼的样本量为6-11尾, 共计192尾。采用快速溶剂萃取及气相色谱法对鱼体中的16种多环芳烃(PAHs)含量进行了检测。结果显示, 在两个江段的各种鱼体样本中均检测到了多种多环芳烃的存在。在长江干流朱杨江段所采集到的9种鱼中瓦氏黄颡鱼体内多环芳烃总量(PAHs)最高, 其含量为(2803.78 215.37) ng/g; 鲇鱼体内PAHs最低, 其含量为(515.8638.80) ng/g。在沱江富顺江段采集到的6种鱼中鲫体内PAHs最高, 为(8498.571128.22) ng/g; 鲇鱼体内PAHs最低, 其含量为(1295.0569.69) ng/g。采集自长江朱杨段和沱江富顺段两采集地的相同种类有5种, 富顺段5种鱼体内PAHs均高于朱杨段同种类鱼体内的含量; 除大眼鳜外, 其余4种鱼的差异均达到显著水平。富顺江段鱼类体内高分子量多环芳烃比例较高, 而朱杨江段鱼类体内富集的低分子量多环芳烃和中分子量多环芳烃的比例较高。通过讨论认为, 长江朱杨段及其支流沱江富顺段的鱼体均受到了多环芳烃的污染, 并且沱江鱼类受多环芳烃的污染程度高于长江干流朱杨段鱼类。此外, 沱江富顺段鱼体所含的高分子量多环芳烃组成百分比高于长江干流朱杨段的鱼体, 但其中、低分子量多环芳烃组成百分比相对于干流鱼类较低, 可能的原因是两个江段多环芳烃的污染源不同。

     

    Abstract: From September to November 2010, the samples of 9 species were collected from the Zhuyang section of the Yangtze River, including Pelteobagrus vachelli, Rhinogobio cylindricus, Cyprinus carpio, Carassius auratus, Siniperca kneri, Coreius heterodon, Coreius guichenoti, Mystus macropterus, and Silurus asotus, and the samples of 6 fish species were collected from the Fushun section of the Tuo River, including Carassius auratus, Pelteobagrus fulvidraco, Cyprinus carpio, Siniperca kneri, Mystus macropterus, and Silurus asotus. The sample size for each fish species ranged from 6 to 11, totaling of 192. The concentration 16 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in each sample were measured by accelerated solvent extraction and gas chromatography. A variety of PAHs were detected in these fish samples. Of the 9 species of fish collected from the Zhuyang section, P. vachelli had the highest total content of PAHs (PAHs) (2803.78215.37) ng/g, and S. asotus had the lowest PAHs (515.8638.80) ng/g. Of the 6 species of fish collected from the Fushun section, C. auratus had the highest PAHs (8498.571128.22) ng/g, and S. asotus had the lowest PAHs (1295.0569.69) ng/g. Five species of fish were collected from both the Zhuyang section and the Fushun section. Au from the Fushun section showed higher PAHs than their respective counterparts from the Zhuyang section S. kneri. The fishes from the Fushun section contained a higher percentage of high-molecular-weight PAHs (HMW-PAHs), while those from the Zhuyang section contained higher percentages of low-molecular-weight PAHs (LMW-PAHs) and medium-molecular-weight PAHs (MMW-PAHs). Our results suggest that the fish from the Zhuyang section and those from the Fushun section were all contaminated by PAHs. In addition, the fish from the Fushun section contain a higher percentage of HMW-PAHs but lower percentages of MMW-PAHs and LMW-PAHs, as compared with those from the Zhuyang section. This difference may be caused by the difference in pollution source of PAHs between these two river sections.

     

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