Abstract: The lake and pond cultures of Chinese mitten crab (Eriocheir sinensis) are two main farming modes with high commercial benefits in the Changjiang River basin. Unfortunately, recapture rates of the released crabs are often considerably lower mainly due to the predation of predacious fish. In order to provide scientific bases for improving the survival of the crab stocked in lakes and establishing a crab-fish polyculture mode with high returns on investment, a series of predation experiments of indoor cement pools were conducted to assess predation risks on juvenile E. sinensis by Cyprinus carpio, Siniperca chuatsi, Ictalurus punctatu, Pelteobagrus fulvidraco, Pelteobagrus vachelli, Silurus meridionalis and Channa argus. The minimum mouth width of all predators was more than 17.9 mm and the experimental crabs were 9.5-12.7 mm in carapace width and 0.49-1.82 g in body weight. The predation risk of each predacious fish on the exposed juvenile crabs was measured in terms of daily capture rate and daily consumption rate. In the present study, S. chuatsi and P. fulvidraco were not found to forage on juvenile crabs, either hard- or soft-shelled, and thus showed no predation risks on the crab. C. carpio and P. vachell were also not observed to prey on hard-shelled crabs in the 1-day-predation experiment, but to capture soft-shelled crabs in the 7-day-predation experiment, with low daily consumption rates (0.07% and 0.012%, respectively), which revealed that the two species were harmful to the crab and displayed relatively low predation risks. In all experiments, C. argus, I. punctatu and S. meridionalis can prey on both hard- and soft-shelled juvenile crabs and their daily consumption rates were 0.284%, 0.188% and 0.122%, respectively, which indicated that the three species possessed strong predation ability and show high predation risks on the crab. Based upon the results of this study, three suggestions were listed as follow: (1) S. chuatsi and the crab may be stocked together in ponds and lakes for improving fishery benefits; (2) It was necessary tolimit the population size of C. argus and S. meridionalis to the minimum level and maintain low abundance of C. carpio and P. vachelli in the crab-culturing lakes in order to increase the survival rate of the stocked crab; (3) Any one of C. argus, S. meridionalis, I. punctatus, P. vachelli and C. carpio with some predation risks on the crab must be not cultured in the crab-culturing ponds.