不同脂肪源对异育银鲫的生长、体组成和肌肉脂肪酸的影响

DIETARY LIPID SOURCES FOR GIBEL CARP CARASSIUS AURATUS GIBELIO: GROWTH PERFORMANCE, TISSUE COMPOSITION AND MUSCLE FATTY ACID PROFILES

  • 摘要: 配制了十种等氮等能的饲料饲喂3.53 g的异育银鲫幼鱼12周, 探讨异育银鲫对不同脂肪源的利用效果。十种饲料中分别添加8%的鱼油(FO)、椰子油(CNO)、玉米油(CO)、亚麻油(LO)、大豆油(SO)、菜籽油(RO)、1∶1鱼油-椰子油(FCNO)、1∶1鱼油-玉米油(FCO)、1∶1鱼油-亚麻油(FLO)和1∶1∶1∶1鱼油-椰子油-玉米油-亚麻油混合油(MIX)。每组饲料三个平行, 每个平行30尾。实验在循环水养殖系统中进行, 水温控制在(241)℃。结果表明, 在单一脂肪源中, 豆油组和椰子油组的增重率最高, 其次是菜籽油组, 鱼油、玉米油和亚麻油组的增重率最低。与相应的单一脂肪源相比, 饲料中鱼油与椰子油、玉米油或亚麻油1∶1混合后使用提高了异育银鲫的生长。摄食不同脂肪源饲料的异育银鲫血清生化指标、各组织的水分和脂肪含量差异不明显(P0.05)。肌肉脂肪酸与饲料脂肪源呈明显正相关。摄食豆油和菜籽油饲料的鱼体肌肉中20:4n-6较高, 而摄食亚麻油饲料的鱼则含有较高的20:5n-3和22:6n-3, 表明异育银鲫具有转化18:2n-6和 18:3n-3为高不饱和脂肪酸的能力。从实验可以看出, 豆油、椰子油和菜籽油是异育银鲫饲料中良好的脂肪源。

     

    Abstract: A 12-week growth trial was conducted with juvenile gibel carp (Carassius auratus gibelio) to evaluate their ability by utilize different dietary lipids. Ten diets were supplemented with 8% of either fish oil (FO), coconut oil (CNO), corn oil (CO), linseed oil (LO), soybean oil (SO), rapeseed oil (RO), 1∶1 fish oil-coconut oil (FCNO), 1∶1 fish oil-corn oil (FCO), 1∶1 fish oil-linseed oil (FLO) or 1∶1∶1∶1 fish-coconut-corn-linseed oil mixture (MIX). Each diet was fed to triplicate groups of fish (initial weight: 3.53 g, 30 ini.) in a recirculation system at (241)℃.Weight gain were the highest in SO and CNO group, followed RO and the lowest in FO, CO and LO group, when used as a single lipid source. Compared to total replacement of fish oil, coconut oil, corn oil or linseed oil substitute 50% fish oil led to a higher weight gain, respectively. Neither the plasma biochemistry nor the lipid and moisture contents in different tissues of gibel carp showed significant difference between groups (P0.05). Fatty acid composition of muscle in fish generally reflected the composition of the diet. Fish fed CO and SO had higher 20:4n-6, while relative higher 20:5n-3 and 22:6n-3 was detected in fish fed LO. These results suggested that gibel carp had ability to desaturate and elongate 18:2n-6 and 18:3n-3 to highly unsaturated fatty acid. In conclusion, soybean oil, coconut oil and rapeseed oil were good alternative lipid sources for gibel carp.

     

/

返回文章
返回