Abstract: Silver pomfret (Pampus argenteus) is an important fisheries resource in China, and distributes along the coast from the Bohai Sea to the South China Sea. The fish population has been greatly decreased these years due to over exploitation and the lack of the long-run and effective administer. In order to protect the fish population, it is necessary to study genetic structure of the fish population, which is very important for harvest management and stock conservation. Fish specimens (totally 116 individuals) used in this study were collected from 6 sampling locations in the south Yellow Sea and East China Sea, i.e., Lianyungang (LYG), Lsi (LS), Zhoushan (ZS), Dongtou (DT), Xiapu (XP) and Dongshan (DS). The mitochondrial cytochrome b (Cyt b) gene sequences of the fish was amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technology and sequenced with ABI 3130 sequencer. One hundred and sixteen sequences were analyzed by using some softwares, viz., Clustal X 1.83, DnaSP 5.1, MEGA 3.1, Arlequin 3.1 and Network 4.5.