黄颡鱼饲料中添加谷胱甘肽降低藻毒素毒性作用的研究
DIETARY SUPPLEMENTAL GLUTATHIONE (GSH) COULD REDUCE THE TOXICITY OF MICROSYSTINS ON YELLOW CATFISH (PELTEOBAGRUS FULVIDRACO RICHARDSON)
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摘要: 通过60d的生长实验研究饲料中不同含量的谷胱甘肽(GSH)对黄颡鱼(Pelteobagrus fulvidraco Richardson)摄食含蓝藻粉饲料后的毒性保护作用。共配制6种近似等氮等能(粗蛋白45%,总能19.5kJ/g)的实验饲料。以不添加蓝藻粉、不添加GSH的饲料组作为正对照,其他5种饲料均添加7.5%的藻粉,微囊藻毒素(Microc ystins,MCs)含量约为58μg/g,GSH添加量分别为:0(负对照)、200、500、800和1400mg/kg。实验结果表明,第1至第30天时,负对照组与正对照组实验鱼的摄食率无显著性差异(P>0.05)。第31至第60天时,负对照组实验鱼的摄食率显著高于正对照和其他GSH添加组(P0.05),但各GSH添加组肾脏中GSH显著低于正对照而高于负对照(P<0.05)。200、500和800mg/kg GSH添加组肝脏和肌肉中丙二醛(MDA)含量显著低于负对照(P<0.05)。在整个实验期间,随着饲料中GSH含量的增加,肝脏、肾脏、全肠和肌肉中微囊藻毒素含量先显著下降,当GSH添加量为500和800mg/kg时达到稳定,直至GSH添加量为1400mg/kg时显著上升。根据对黄颡鱼增重,肝脏和肌肉中MDA的含量以及组织中毒素的分析,在饲料中添加500-800mg/kg GSH可以有效缓解黄颡鱼饲料中微囊藻毒素的毒性。Abstract: A 60d growth trial was conducted to investigate the effect of dietary supplemental glutathione (GSH) on the toxicity of microsystins from oral administration of cyanobacteria on yellow catfish.Six isonitrogenous (45% crude protein) and isocaloric (19.5 kJ/g gross energy) experimental diets were formulated.Cyanobacteria free and GSH free diet was used as the positive control.Another five diets were formulated to contain 7.5% algae meal (dietary microcystins were about 58 μg/g) supplemented with GSH at 0 (Negative control),200,500,800 and 1400 mg GSH/kg diet respectively.During the first 30 days,there was no significant difference in feeding rate (FR) between the fish fed negative control and positive control (P>0.05).During the second 30 days,yellow catfish fed negative control had higher FR than the fish fed positive control and all GSH containing diets (P0.05),and all fish fed GSH containing diets had lower renal GSH than fish fed the positive control (P<0.05),but all fish fed GSH containing diets had higher renal GSH than fish fed the negative control (P<0.05).Liver and muscle MDA contents of the fish fed with 200,500 and 800 mg GSH/kg diet were significantly lower than that of the negative control (P<0.05).During the whole experimental period,microcystins (MCs) accumulated in fish liver,kidney,and intestines first decreased with dietary GSH (P<0.05) and then reached a stable level at 500 and 800 mg GSH/kg supplementation level,and finally increased at 1400 mg GSH/kg supplementation level.Based on weight gain,liver and muscle MDA contents and tissues MCs concentration,it suggested dietary 500-800 mg GSH/kg supplementation could be helpful to reduce the toxicity of MCs on yellow catfish.